SKRIPSI PTK THE USE OF ANIMATION MOVIE FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS WRITING SKILL OF NARRATIVE TEXTS

(KODE : PTK-0588) : SKRIPSI PTK THE USE OF ANIMATION MOVIE FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS WRITING SKILL OF NARRATIVE TEXTS

CHAPTER I 

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Besides our mother tongue, Indonesian and Javanese language, we also learn English as our foreign language. English is very important because nowadays English already be one of the most important language. In other words by mastering English either actively or passively, we can grasp a half of this world, not only in business world but also in politics and also in education. Our government is aware of how important of English is, so they made English be one of the subject which is taught from playgroup until the university.

We can see the importance of writing in daily life and also in social life, like in education and business aspect. Writing also gives some other benefits. Besides being means of communication, writing can also create jobs. In beginning writing, it is just an activity to express our idea, opinion, or feeling in the text. Writing can also be a hobby to spend our time, but finally in this modern life, people can get money from doing their writing, for example a journalist, novelist or script writer. 

Although, writing is very important for us, it is a difficult subject especially for the student. The reason is because writing is a mixture of our idea, vocabulary and also grammar, we also must pay attention to the grammar, so it is normal if the student think that writing is a difficult subject because they must pay attention to many things (idea, concept, vocabulary and grammar). 

Besides that reason, there is another factor that makes writing be the most difficult subject. The other reason is that there are a lot of many kinds of texts in English, such as narrative, descriptive, recount, and many more. Each text has different characteristics. There are generic social function, structure and language features.

To solve that problem, the teacher also must try to develop the ability of writing, grammar and structure of the student, and they also must find out an interesting method or visual aid to teach writing, so they will be interested in writing class. According to Kreidler (1965 : 1) visual aid can be useful to the language teacher because;

1. They create situations which are outside the class room wall,

2. They introduce the students to unfamiliar cultural aspects,

3. They give reality to what might be understood, verbally by the students,

4. They change situations quickly and easily in a drill, provide decoration for the classroom.

Any kinds of visual aid that teacher uses must make the students comfortable with the material or the class so they can easily understand the lesson. Kreidler (1965; 41) also has another opinion, he said that : 

Using any kind of method has goals to give the students the opportunity to express their own idea, using the language pattern that they have learned. And that the students need this kind of opportunity in order to begin to use English in a way that enables them to express their ideas, interest, feeling and needs, clearly, correctly and confidently.

Based on Kreidler opinion, the writer can conclude that visual aid has an important function that the teacher can use in teaching and learning process, visual aids can also give the students an opportunity to extend their ability and also to explore their talent. Since long time ago teacher already use any kinds of visual aid for example; in book, picture, song, real object, etc. In this final project the writer chose a film, Brother Bear in a writing class, the writer hopes that by using film the students will be more interested in learning writing in a class. According Charles et al (1985 : 129), he had an opinion : 

A narrative is a story, a narrative writing is writing that tells about a story. We use narrative writing when we tell a friend about something interesting that happened to you at work or in school, when you tell someone a joke, or if you write about the events of the day in the privacy of a diary or journal.

A narrative text is very suitable for the students in writing class because they can easily express their own idea drawn from their own experience at school, house or anywhere, in their narrative writing.

SKRIPSI PTK THE USE OF MIND MAPPING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS ABILITY IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT

(KODE : PTK-0571) : SKRIPSI PTK THE USE OF MIND MAPPING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS ABILITY IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT (BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS X)

CHAPTER II 

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Review of Previous Study

In this subchapter, I would like to review some previous studies that support my view about the use of mind mapping strategy to improve students' ability in writing procedure text.

First, a study done by Mawadah (2009), She found that the teaching descriptive text to junior high school students of SMP Negeri 1 Pegandon by using mind mapping strategy was more effective than teaching descriptive text using conventional strategy. This experimental research used two classes as the sample of the research. The experimental group was taught by using mind mapping strategy and the control group was taught by using conventional strategy. The main purpose of the activities above is to make students easier in constructing a text.

Second, Sofyani Tyas Utami (2009) also did research about the use of prewriting strategies : Brainstorming and Mind Mapping in Essay Writing for tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 3 Salatiga. The use of brainstorming and mind mapping can help and motivate students to generate ideas and practice expressing thought in written form, so that it would be helpful for students in creating a text and get a satisfying work in writing. The students' achievement in writing recount text increased from the first meeting to the last meeting. The students' respond that were obtained through questionnaire showed that most of them agreed that using brainstorming and mind mapping could help them in improving their ability in writing recount text.

Third, Susanto (2008) gave description of determining the application of mind mapping method in teaching descriptive writing for the second grade students of SMU Negeri 1 Kajen. He found some advantages by applying mind mapping method in teaching descriptive text. First, the students are interested and motivated in exploring their ideas and imagination using mind mapping method since they found new things during learning process. Second, they might be encouraged to be active in classroom activity by asking the teacher or friends. Then, the last advantage is its simplicity to use mind mapping method by making a chart like a tree diagrams. The students understand, memorize and remember the main idea and relative words easily.

The writer knew that every method has its advantages and weaknesses. The first weakness in applying mind mapping method is that writer must have broad knowledge especially in vocabularies and diction (choice of words). The students liked to ask English translation the difficult words related to the topic. They should bring a dictionary to help them in translating words because it would spend more times if they asked to the teacher continuously. The second one is that spends more paper sheets to do the test because they do two steps before they make the final draft of the descriptive text. The advantage in applying mind mapping method is the students can automatically enrich their vocabularies by searching branches and related ideas from the main topic.

B. Review of Theoretical Background

1. Language Skill

It has been described in the background of the study that language competence is actually important to be achieved by everyone. Listening, reading, speaking and writing are the four basic skills of language that students should learn in order to be able to communicate as well. A good language teaching is absolutely important especially in delivering materials of those four skills. Most of us know that there are various teaching strategies or methods that have been found and implemented to develop students' mastery of those four basic skills due to the importance of each skill for the students' future life.

2. Writing Skill

Nowadays we can see that writing is one of the four basic skills of language which has an important role in many aspects of life. Using writing we can learn lot of things from the simplest thing until a complex one. If we have ideas, desires and everything to explain, writing can be used as an instrument that makes somebody else understand what we want to explain. In short, we can say that writing pays an important role in our life.

Hammer (2004 : 3) states that "being able to write is a vital skill for 'speaker' of a foreign language as much as for everyone using their own first language". In line with Hammer's opinion, Ramelan (1994 : 11) states that "writing is very important as a part of man's culture because it can be used to preserve thought, ideas, and also speech sound". White (1980 : 8) suggests three points about the importance of writing. They are : (1) the linguists become interested in studying the characteristics of written language as well as spoken language, (2) teachers of English become increasingly concerned with the need to teach writing to students of science and technology, for whom ability to use the spoken language might be secondary or even irrelevance, (3) coinciding with the increased interest in written language by both linguists and English teachers had been a considerable growth in the study of language beyond the sentences, that was on discourse. From those statements we can draw a conclusion that everybody should have a good writing ability because of its importance for the time being and their future life.

According to Meyers (2005 : 1), "the word writing coming from a verb. Writing is a way to produce language, which you do naturally when you speak. You say something, think of more you say, perhaps correct something you have said and than move on to the next statement". Writing is much different, except that you take more time to think about your subject, the person you'll be discussing it with and last but not least the purpose that you want to achieve in that discussion.

Therefore, if you are writing a second language, you'll be revising your work continuously. You have to pay more attention to your diction (choice of word), form and grammar to make sure that they clearly express what you exactly want to say.

We know that writing skill is always used in most of examinations done at school from elementary up to university level. The importance of writing skill is obviously seen as something that must be emphasized because in daily communication language is not only spoken but also written. The different characteristics between spoken and written language are stated by Harmer (2004 : 6-11), as follows :